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The Culture of Manchester is notable artistically, architecturally, theatrically and musically. Despite being the 9th largest city in the United Kingdom by population and the second largest conurbation, Manchester has been ranked as the second city of the United Kingdom in numerous polls since the 2000s (decade), with an influential culture scene helping to elevate Manchester's importance in the national psyche. This has helped the city's population grow by 20% in the last decade, and made the universities the most popular choices for undergraduate admission. 20th century broadcaster and social commentator Brian Redhead once said "Manchester ... is the capital, in every sense, of the North of England, where the modern world was born. The people know their geography is without equal. Their history is their response to it". Whilst Ian Brown of the Stone Roses has previously said that "Manchester has everything except a beach".〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.manchester.com/features/quote.php )〕 Often cited as the world's first industrialised city, with little pre-factory history to speak of, Manchester is the third most visited city in the United Kingdom after London and Edinburgh and is a major centre of the creative industries. ==Art and art galleries== The Art Treasures of Great Britain was an exhibition of fine art held in Manchester from 5 May to 17 October 1857.〔(''Exhibition of art treasures of the United Kingdom, held at Manchester in 1857. Report of the executive committee'' ), 1859. Many details in this article are taken from this comprehensive record of the exhibition.〕 It remains the largest art exhibition to be held in the UK,〔(Art Treasures in Manchester: 150 years on ), Manchester Art Gallery〕 possibly in the world,〔(Art Treasures Exhibition Returns To Manchester After 150 Years ), Culture24, 5 October 2007〕 with over 16,000 works on display. It attracted over 1.3 million visitors in the 142 days it was open, about four times the population of Manchester at that time, with many visiting on organised railway excursions. Its selection and display of artworks had a formative influence on the public art collections which were being established in the UK at the time, such as the National Gallery, the National Portrait Gallery and the Victoria and Albert Museum.〔(The Art Treasures Exhibition, Manchester, 1857 ), Suzanne Fagence Cooper, ''Antiques'', June 2001〕 There are several art galleries in Manchester, notably: The municipally-owned Manchester Art Gallery on Mosley Street houses extensive displays of paintings by Italian and Flemish masters, as well as a notable collection of Pre-Raphaelite paintings, including works by Ford Madox Brown, Holman Hunt and Rossetti. A major Pre-Raphaelite work, The Manchester Murals, is a series of twelve paintings on the history of Manchester by Ford Madox Brown which were commissioned for the Great Hall of Manchester Town Hall in 1879. The Great Hall is open to the public, except during private functions. Manchester's importance in the textile industry is reflected in the collections in the Whitworth Art Gallery, which also displays modern art and sculpture, including works by Epstein, Hepworth, van Gogh and Picasso.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Collection )〕 Other exhibition spaces and museums in Manchester include the Cornerhouse, the Urbis centre, and the Manchester Costume Gallery at Platt Fields Park. The gallery at Fletcher Moss Botanical Garden in Didsbury has now closed. The works of Stretford-born painter L. S. Lowry, known for his "matchstick" paintings of industrial Manchester and Salford, can be seen in both the Manchester Art Gallery and the Whitworth Art Gallery, and the Lowry art centre in Salford Quays (in the neighbouring borough of Salford) devotes a large permanent exhibition to his works.〔 〕 The French Impressionist painter Adolphe Valette spent a period of his life in Manchester and painted local scenes.〔Mark Brown ("Exhibition for 'Monet of Manchester' who inspired Lowry", ) ''The Guardian'', 14 October 2011〕 The Irish sculptor John Cassidy worked in Manchester for most of his life and produced many fine works of sculpture. The Turner Prize-winning artist Chris Ofili hails from Manchester. File:Whitworth-gallery-3.jpg|Inside the Whitworth Art Gallery File:Urbis Manchester 20051020.jpg|Urbis File:Supercity exhibition 1.jpg|An exhibition at Urbis File:William_Holman_Hunt_001.jpg|''The Hireling Shepherd'' at Manchester Art Gallery File:Brown work.jpg|''Work'' by Ford Madox Brown at Manchester Art Gallery File:BrownManchesterMuralBridgewater.jpg|''The Manchester Murals'' at Manchester Town Hall File:Albert Square Manchester 1910, Valette.jpg|Painting of Albert Square, Manchester in 1910 File:Oxford Road, Manchester 1910, Valette.jpg|Painting of Oxford Road, Manchester in 1910. The Refuge Assurance Building can be seen under construction. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Culture of Manchester」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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